World map with the time zone highlighted. Several countries define their local time by reference to Greenwich Mean Time. Stanford University Press. Synchronisation of the chronometer on GMT did not affect shipboard time, which was still solar time. The instant that was designated Gmt +4 Schalke Statistik Verde Time [a]. Swatch even invented a concept called beat time that split each day into 1, beats on a decimal system, eradicating time zones entirely. Cape Verde Time [a]. Stanford University Press. Greenwich Mean Time is used as standard time all year round in the following countries and areas:. Universal Time UTa term introduced ininitially represented mean time at Greenwich determined in the traditional way to accord with the originally defined universal day ; from 1 January as decided by the Gordons Premium Pink Astronomical Union in Dublin inat the Experten Tipps Wm 2021 of William Markowitz this Werder Bremen Vfb Lübeck form of UT was re-labelled UT0 and effectively superseded by refined forms UT1 UT0 equalised for the effects of polar wandering [10] and UT2 UT1 further equalised for annual seasonal variations in Earth rotation rate. Clash Of Kings Support time and the longitude. 6/7/ · GMT is a time offset that subtracts 4 hours from Greenwich Mean Time (GMT). It is observed in the AMT, AST, BOT, CLT, COST, FKT, GYT, PYT, VET during standard time, and in the CDT, EDT during the other months (Daylight saving time).. Some locations use it year-round. In the UTC standard, there is a commitment to keep within seconds of GMT, so that every few years a leap second is applied to UTC. In the age of the internet, these small clock calibrations are conveniently distributed via NTP. UTC/GMT+4 is 4 hours ahead of Greenwich Mean Time (GMT). GMT -4 Time (GMT-4) to Your Local Time and Worldwide Time Conversions, Conversion Time Chart between GMT -4 Time and Local Time.

Main article: History of longitude. Greenwich time and the longitude. London: Philip Wilson. UCO Lick. Retrieved 28 July Lexico UK Dictionary.

Oxford University Press. Times, London, England, 14 May The Times Digital Archive. Stanford University Press.

Retrieved 18 August University Science Books. Retrieved 2 December Archived from the original on 25 January Retrieved 27 November Time measurement and standards.

Chronometry Orders of magnitude Metrology. Ephemeris time Greenwich Mean Time Prime meridian. Absolute space and time Spacetime Chronon Continuous signal Coordinate time Cosmological decade Discrete time and continuous time Planck time Proper time Theory of relativity Time dilation Gravitational time dilation Time domain Time translation symmetry T-symmetry.

Chronological dating Geologic time scale International Commission on Stratigraphy. The Meridian Conference in , attended by representatives from various countries, led to the creation of the 24 time zones we use today.

The zones are based on 24 longitudinal meridian lines that run from the north to south poles. The prime meridian, determined by the conference, runs through Greenwich, in the UK, giving us Greenwich Mean Time.

Other time zones are counted to the east and west of this line, either plus or minus hours from GMT. Each country sets its own time zone within this framework, so some zones extend beyond the meridian for convenience, while others, like India, take on half hours.

Kiribati even extended its time zone miles east in , to include Caroline Island in the same zone and, as it straddled the Date Line opposite the GMT meridian, the same date as the country's other islands.

The development of the world wide web in the s led to calls for a standardised internet time, as people in cyberspace were no longer bound by geography.

But this practice, combined with mariners from other nations drawing from Nevil Maskelyne 's method of lunar distances based on observations at Greenwich, led to GMT being used worldwide as a standard time independent of location.

Greenwich Mean Time was adopted across the island of Great Britain by the Railway Clearing House in and by almost all railway companies by the following year, from which the term " railway time " is derived.

It was gradually adopted for other purposes, but a legal case in held " local mean time " to be the official time.

For example, our polling booths were opened, say, at 8 13 and closed at 4 13 p. On 1 January , GMT was superseded as the international civil time standard by Coordinated Universal Time, maintained by an ensemble of atomic clocks around the world.

Universal Time UT , a term introduced in , initially represented mean time at Greenwich determined in the traditional way to accord with the originally defined universal day ; from 1 January as decided by the International Astronomical Union in Dublin in , at the initiative of William Markowitz this "raw" form of UT was re-labelled UT0 and effectively superseded by refined forms UT1 UT0 equalised for the effects of polar wandering [10] and UT2 UT1 further equalised for annual seasonal variations in Earth rotation rate.

Indeed, even the Greenwich meridian itself is not quite what it used to be—defined by "the centre of the transit instrument at the Observatory at Greenwich".

Although that instrument still survives in working order, it is no longer in use and now the meridian of origin of the world's longitude and time is not strictly defined in material form but from a statistical solution resulting from observations of all time-determination stations which the BIPM takes into account when co-ordinating the world's time signals.

Nevertheless, the line in the old observatory's courtyard today differs no more than a few metres from that imaginary line which is now the prime meridian of the world.

Historically, GMT has been used with two different conventions for numbering hours. The long-standing astronomical convention, dating from the work of Ptolemy , was to refer to noon as zero hours see Julian day.

This contrasted with the civil convention of referring to midnight as zero hours dating from the Roman Empire. The latter convention was adopted on and after 1 January for astronomical purposes, resulting in a discontinuity of 12 hours, or half a day.

The instant that was designated "December Legally, the civil time used in the UK is called "Greenwich mean time" without capitalisation , according to the Interpretation Act , with an exception made for those periods when the Summer Time Act orders an hour's shift for daylight saving.

The Interpretation Act , section 9, provides that whenever an expression of time occurs in an Act, the time referred to shall unless otherwise specifically stated be held to be Greenwich mean time.

Under subsection 23 3 , the same rule applies to deeds and other instruments. Several countries define their local time by reference to Greenwich Mean Time.

Greenwich Mean Time is used as standard time all year round in the following countries and areas:. Since legal, political, social and economic criteria, in addition to physical or geographical criteria, are used in the drawing of time zones, actual time zones do not precisely adhere to meridian lines.

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